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Even after the transition to the superior PowerPC-based Power Macintosh line in the mid-1990s, the falling prices of commodity PC components, poor inventory management with the Macintosh Performa, and the release of Windows 95 contributed to continued decline of the Macintosh user base.Upon his return to the company, Steve Jobs led Apple to consolidate the complex line of nearly twenty Macintosh models in mid-1997 (including models made for specific regions) down to four in mid-1999: the Power Macintosh G3, iMac G3, 14.1' PowerBook G3, and 12' iBook. In the early 1990s, Apple introduced the Macintosh LC II and Color Classic which were price-competitive with Wintel machines at the time.However, the introduction of Windows 3.1 and Intel's Pentium processor, which beat the Motorola 68040 used in then-current Macintoshes in most benchmarks, gradually took market share from Apple, and by the end of 1994 Apple was relegated to third place as Compaq became the top PC manufacturer. Macintosh systems were successful in education and desktop publishing, making Apple the second-largest PC manufacturer for the next decade. Apple sold the Macintosh alongside its popular Apple II, Apple IIGS, Apple III, and Apple Lisa families of computers until the other models were discontinued in the 1990s.Early Macintosh models were relatively expensive, hindering competitiveness in a market dominated by the much cheaper Commodore 64 for consumers, as well as the IBM Personal Computer and its accompanying clone market for businesses, although they were less expensive than the Xerox Alto and other computers with graphical user interfaces that predated the Mac, except Atari ST. (originally as Apple Computer, Inc.) since January 1984.The original Macintosh is the first successful mass-market all-in-one desktop personal computer to have featured a graphical user interface, built-in screen, and mouse. Mac OS Extended (Journaled) Don't use case-sensitive) Read/Write HFS+ from native Mac OS X.Newer Seagate and LaCie branded external drives come preformatted with the exFAT file system, which allows it to be used on both Mac and Windows without.The Macintosh (mainly Mac since 1998) is a family of personal computers designed, manufactured, and sold by Apple Inc.

The first versions initially had no name but came to be known as the 'Macintosh System Software' in 1988, 'Mac OS' in 1997 with the release of Mac OS 7.6, and retrospectively called ' Classic Mac OS'. Its Xserve server was discontinued in 2011 in favor of the Mac Mini and Mac Pro.Apple has developed a series of Macintosh operating systems. This changed in 2020 when the M1 chip was introduced to the MacBook Air, entry level MacBook Pro and Mac Mini.Its current lineup includes three desktops (the all-in-one iMac and the desktop Mac Mini and Mac Pro), and two notebooks (the MacBook Air and MacBook Pro). After their transition to Intel processors in 2006, the complete lineup was Intel-based.

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In 2001, Apple released Mac OS X, a modern Unix-based operating system which was later rebranded to simply OS X in 2012, and then macOS in 2016. Only one company, UMAX Technologies, was legally licensed to ship clones running Mac OS 8. Apple does not license macOS for use on non-Apple computers, however, System 7 was licensed to various companies through Apple's Macintosh clone program from 1995 to 1997.

Apple began transitioning CPU architectures to its own Apple silicon for use in the Macintosh beginning in 2020. In the mid-1990s they transitioned to PowerPC processors, and again in the mid-2000s they began to use 32- and 64-bit Intel x86 processors. Originally they used the Motorola 68000 series of microprocessors. (The same feat has been accomplished on ARM-based Apple silicon, but it requires an operating system built for it.) Volunteer communities have customized Intel-based macOS to run illicitly on non-Apple computers.The Macintosh family of computers has used a variety of different CPU architectures since its introduction. Intel-based Macs can run native third party operating systems such as Linux, FreeBSD, and Microsoft Windows with the aid of Boot Camp or third-party software. The current version is macOS Monterey, first released on June 7, 2021.

He wanted to name the computer after his favorite type of apple, the McIntosh / Л€ m Г¦ k ЙЄ n ЛЊ t Й’ Кѓ/ MAK-in-tosh), but the spelling was changed to 'Macintosh' for legal reasons as the original was the same spelling as that used by McIntosh Laboratory, Inc., an audio equipment manufacturer. 2.10 2020вЂ“present: Transition to Apple siliconThe Macintosh project began in 1979 when Jef Raskin, an Apple employee, envisioned an easy-to-use, low-cost computer for the average consumer. 2.9 2019вЂ“2020: Fixing flaws and focus on professionals 2.8 2016вЂ“2019: Critical reviews and lack of quality 2.6 2005вЂ“2011: Switch to Intel processors and unibody redesign 2.4 1990вЂ“98: Decline and transition to PowerPC

The design at that time was for a low-cost, easy-to-use machine for the average consumer. At the same time that the Lisa was becoming a GUI machine in 1979, Jef Raskin began the Macintosh project. The basic layout of the Lisa was largely complete by 1982, at which point Jobs's continual suggestions for improvements led to him being kicked off the project. Things had changed dramatically with the introduction of the 16/32-bit Motorola 68000 in 1979, which offered at least an order of magnitude better performance than existing designs and made a software GUI machine a practical possibility. The Apple Lisa project was immediately redirected to use a GUI, which at that time was well beyond the state of the art for microprocessor abilities the Xerox Alto required a custom processor that spanned several circuit boards in a case which was the size of a small refrigerator. He arranged for Apple engineers to be allowed to visit PARC to see the systems in action.

In that same interview, Wozniak said that the original Macintosh 'failed' under Jobs and that it was not until Jobs left that it became a success. In a 2013 interview, Steve Wozniak insinuated that he had been leading the initial design and development phase of the Macintosh project until 1981 when he experienced a traumatic airplane crash and temporarily left the company, at which point Jobs took over. The rest of the original Mac team would include Bill Atkinson, Bob Belleville, Steve Capps, George Crow, Donn Denman, Chris Espinosa, Andy Hertzfeld, Bruce Horn, Susan Kare, Larry Kenyon, and Caroline Rose with Steve Jobs leading the project. His initial team would eventually consist of himself, Howard, Joanna Hoffman, Burrell Smith, and Bud Tribble. Raskin was authorized to start hiring for the project in September 1979, and he immediately asked his long-time colleague, Brian Howard, to join him.

Bud Tribble, a member of the Mac team, was interested in running the Apple Lisa's graphical programs on the Macintosh and asked Smith whether he could incorporate Lisa's 68000 microprocessor into the Mac while still keeping the production cost down. Smith's first Macintosh board was built to Raskin's design specifications: it had 64 kilobytes (kB) of random-access memory (RAM), used the 8-bit Motorola 6809E microprocessor, and could support a 256Г—256- pixel black and white raster graphics (bitmap) display.

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